1、软件环境： CentOS 6.5 x64
MariaDB 5.5.36 
2、安装过程 1）在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录创建MariaDB.repo文件，内容如下：
# MariaDB 5.5 CentOS repository list - created 2014-03-04 11:20 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos6-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
2）在Shell环境下执行命令
# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
base                                                                                       | 3.7 kB     00:00
base/primary_db                                                                            | 4.4 MB     01:11
extras                                                                                     | 3.4 kB     00:00
extras/primary_db                                                                          |  19 kB     00:00
mariadb                                                                                    | 1.9 kB     00:00
mariadb/primary_db                                                                         |  15 kB     00:00
updates                                                                                    | 3.4 kB     00:00
updates/primary_db                                                                         | 2.1 MB     00:22
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-common for package: MariaDB-client-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64
---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6 will be obsoleting
---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 will be obsoleted
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-compat for package: MariaDB-common-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-compat.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6 will be obsoleting
---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 will be obsoleted
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==================================================================================================================
 Package                        Arch                   Version                      Repository               Size
==================================================================================================================
Installing:
 MariaDB-client                 x86_64                 5.5.36-1.el6                 mariadb                  10 M
     replacing  mysql.x86_64 5.1.71-1.el6
 MariaDB-compat                 x86_64                 5.5.36-1.el6                 mariadb                 2.7 M
     replacing  mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.71-1.el6
 MariaDB-server                 x86_64                 5.5.36-1.el6                 mariadb                  42 M
     replacing  mysql-server.x86_64 5.1.71-1.el6
Installing for dependencies:
 MariaDB-common                 x86_64                 5.5.36-1.el6                 mariadb                  23 k
Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================
Install       4 Package(s)
Total download size: 55 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): MariaDB-5.5.36-centos6-x86_64-client.rpm                                            |  10 MB     04:45
(2/4): MariaDB-5.5.36-centos6-x86_64-common.rpm                                            |  23 kB     00:00
(3/4): MariaDB-5.5.36-centos6-x86_64-compat.rpm                                            | 2.7 MB     01:02
(4/4): MariaDB-5.5.36-centos6-x86_64-server.rpm                                            |  42 MB     17:44
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                              40 kB/s |  55 MB     23:34
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1bb943db: NOKEY
Retrieving key from https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
Importing GPG key 0x1BB943DB:
 Userid: "Daniel Bartholomew (Monty Program signing key) <dbart@askmonty.org>"
 From  : https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : MariaDB-compat-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             1/7
  Installing : MariaDB-common-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             2/7
Error in PREIN scriptlet in rpm package MariaDB-server-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64
******************************************************************
A MySQL or MariaDB server package (mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64) is installed.
The current MariaDB server package is provided by a different
vendor (CentOS) than Monty Program AB.  Some files may be installed
to different locations, including log files and the service
startup script in /etc/init.d/.
Upgrading directly from MySQL 5.1 to MariaDB 5.5 may not
be safe in all cases.  A manual dump and restore using mysqldump is
recommended.  It is important to review the MariaDB manual's Upgrading
section for version-specific incompatibilities.
A manual upgrade is required.
- Ensure that you have a complete, working backup of your data and my.cnf
  files
- Shut down the MySQL server cleanly
- Remove the existing MySQL packages.  Usually this command will
  list the packages you should remove:
  rpm -qa | grep -i '^mysql-'
  You may choose to use 'rpm --nodeps -ev <package-name>' to remove
  the package which contains the mysqlclient shared library.  The
  library will be reinstalled by the MariaDB-shared package.
- Install the new MariaDB packages supplied by Monty Program AB
- Ensure that the MariaDB server is started
- Run the 'mysql_upgrade' program
This is a brief description of the upgrade process.  Important details
can be found in the MariaDB manual, in the Upgrading section.
******************************************************************
error: %pre(MariaDB-server-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 1
error:   install: %pre scriptlet failed (2), skipping MariaDB-server-5.5.36-1.el6
  Installing : MariaDB-client-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             4/7
  Erasing    : mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64                                                                      5/7
  Erasing    : mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64                                                                 6/7
  Verifying  : MariaDB-common-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             1/7
  Verifying  : MariaDB-compat-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             2/7
  Verifying  : MariaDB-client-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             3/7
  Verifying  : mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64                                                                 4/7
  Verifying  : MariaDB-server-5.5.36-1.el6.x86_64                                                             5/7
mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 was supposed to be removed but is not!
  Verifying  : mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64                                                               6/7
  Verifying  : mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64                                                                      7/7
Installed:
  MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6                    MariaDB-compat.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6
Dependency Installed:
  MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6
Replaced:
  mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6                           mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6
Failed:
  MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:5.5.36-1.el6                     mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6
Complete!
3、启动MariaDB
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database:  WARNING: The host 'Cloud-Q2' could not be looked up with resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQL privileges !
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h Cloud-Q2 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
                                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
4、为MariaDB设置密码
# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'adminadmin'
登陆MariaDB
MySQL [(none)]> use mysql;
MySQL [mysql]> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='127.0.0.1';
MySQL [mysql]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'adminadmin' with grant option;
MySQL [mysql]> flush privileges;
5、让防火墙通过3306端口
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
添加如下内容：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
保存并退出编辑
重启防火墙服务
# service iptables restart
远程连接检查，一切OK！